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Author: Sanne Zwikker 1 1 Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, USA szwikker@u.rochester.edu Introduction Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the nervous system, characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain. This neuronal degeneration leads to hallmark motor symptoms, including muscle tremors, rigidity of the limbs and torso, and slowness of movement (bradykinesia). PD has be

Authors: Elles Zwikker 1 , Sanne Zwikker 2 1 Independent Scholar, USA 2 Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, USA zwikker.elles@gmail.com  , szwikker@u.rochester.edu   Scientific Abstract Background: Parkinson's disease affects over 10 million people globally and represents one of the most prevalent incurable neurological disorders. The disease results from progressive neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra, leading to dopamine depletion and motor